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2013年7月23日 星期二

An Easy Link between Arduino and Android

Annikken Andee is an Arduino Shield that lets you connect your Arduino to your Android phone via bluetooth easily. With the free Annikken Andee Library and Android App, you can create your very own monitor and control user interface on your Android Devices from the Arduino IDE. This simply means you are NOT required to develop any Android Apps at all.

Works with Arduino


Annikken Andee is designed to fit and work with Arduino Uno, Arduino Mega and Arduino Leonardo. For variants like Arduino Nano, you will have to connect the ICSP header correctly and also pin 8 together. Support for other Arduinos (e.g Due) are still currently being tested.
Annikken Andee and Arduino communicates using Arduino's ICSP header (SPI) and pin 8, leaving the rest of the pins for connection with other sensors or modules. Refer to manual for details.

Code in Arduino - Create Android Interface


Annikken Andee differentiates itself from other bluetooth shields by allowing Arduino developers to have an touch and display Android interface with NO NEED for any Android development effort.
Andee Library  
Instead of providing Android project samples which you need to modify and adapt to your application, we give you an Android App and a Annikken Andee library for Arduino. What this means is that you will be using the easy to use Arduino environment to create data displays or buttons on the Android App - as shown above.

Wireless Bluetooth Data Transmission

Bluetooth Logo FCC CE logo
Annikken Andee and the Android app communicates using the FCC CE certified WT11i bluetooth module from Bluegiga. This module is capable of reaching distances of up to 350 meters line-of-sight module-to-module. (For actual distance, it depends on the bluetooth chip of your Android device and also how/where Annikken Andee is being positioned.)

Types of Android Displays

There are three types of displays you can create on the Android App with colors you can customize using argb values. Displays can be configured to occupy quarters, thirds, half or full width of your Android screen.
  • Data Displays
    These are displays used for providing user with feedback. Up to 3 text fields each display which you can choose to display any text or numbers you want.
  • Data Display Screenshot Code Snippet
  • Button Displays
    These displays catch user inputs from Android user. Your Arduino code can call a function to find out if the button was pressed or not, and perform handling functions from there on.
  • Button Displays Code Snippet
  • Keyboard Displays
    Similar to button displays. Shows the Android keyboard for users to enter text, numbers or password. Arduino can retrieve this value using a function call.
  • Keyboard displays Code Snippet

Onboard SD Card

SD Card SlotSD Card Code Example
Annikken Andee provides an sd card slot for use a non-volatile data storage. You can use it to write log data from your Arduino application. For ease of use, we provide read and write functions from Annikken Andee library for Arduino. In addition, you can use an sdcard to upgrade Annikken Andee's firmware with the latest images to ensure you get the most recent features.

Reviewing Numeric Data Using Graph

landscape Analog andee graph
If you data happens to be numeric, our Annikken Andee App is able to collect the data and plot a graph for it. This helps you to visualize numerical data for analytical purposes.

Use Phone Functions From Arduino

When your Android phone is connected to Annikken Andee + Arduino, you can write code (in Arduino) to:
  • Send SMS to a recipient
  • Vocalize using Text-to-Speech
  • Create a notification on Android

game of life with 8x8 bicolor led matrix

I recently got one of those 8x8 LED matrices and I was playing with some Game of Life patterns when I found this pretty repeating pattern. I found it by starting with some random patterns. If you look closely you can see the pattern becoming a mirrored version of itself halfway through. Apparently the pattern doesn't repeat like this on an infinite grid but on this wrapping 8x8 grid it does ;-) FYI, the LED matrix is a bicolor one (green/red) and has an I2C interface (http://www.adafruit.com/products/902). I'm using the colors as follows: - newly created cells are green - cells that are at least 10 generations old are red - other living cells are yellow (simultaneously green+red) It's hookup up to my Arduino Uno r3. here's a video:Youtube

Code
/*
I recently got one of those 8x8 LED matrices and I was playing with some Game of Life patterns when I found this pretty repeating pattern. I found it by starting with some random patterns. If you look closely you can see the pattern becoming a mirrored version of itself halfway through. Apparently the pattern doesn't repeat like this on an infinite grid but on this wrapping 8x8 grid it does ;-)
 
FYI, the LED matrix is a bicolor one (green/red) and has an I2C interface (http://www.adafruit.com/products/902). I'm using the colors as follows:
- newly created cells are green
- cells that are at least 10 generations old are red
- other living cells are yellow (simultaneously green+red)
 
It's hookup up to my Arduino Uno r3.
 
here's a video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ee2hOaQ2RDI
 
*/
 
#include
#include "Adafruit_LEDBackpack.h"
#include "Adafruit_GFX.h"
 
boolean cells[8][8];
 
Adafruit_BicolorMatrix matrix = Adafruit_BicolorMatrix();
 
// game of life
int next[8][8];
 
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.write("hello");
 
randomSeed(analogRead(0));
for (int r=0 ; r<8 r="" span="">
for (int c=0 ; c<8 c="" span="">
if (random(2) >0)
next[r][c] = 1;
}
}
matrix.begin(0x70); // pass in the address
}
 
void loop() {
 
game_of_life();
}
 
int current[8][8] =
{ {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},
{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},
{0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0},
{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},
{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},
{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},
{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},
{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0} };
int mod(int a) { return (a+8)%8; }
 
void game_of_life() {
matrix.clear();
// draw
for (int r=0 ; r<8 r="" span="">
for (int c=0 ; c<8 c="" span="">
int color;
if (next[r][c] == 0)
color = 0;
else if (next[r][c] == 1)
color = LED_GREEN;
else if (next[r][c] > 10)
color = LED_RED;
else
color = LED_YELLOW;
matrix.drawPixel(c,r,color);
}
}
matrix.writeDisplay();
// calc next state
for (int r=0 ; r<8 r="" span="">
for (int c=0 ; c<8 c="" span="">
// count alive neighbors
int alive = 0;
alive += current[mod(r+1)][mod(c) ] != 0;
alive += current[mod(r) ][mod(c+1)] != 0;
alive += current[mod(r-1)][mod(c) ] != 0;
alive += current[mod(r) ][mod(c-1)] != 0;
alive += current[mod(r+1)][mod(c+1)] != 0;
alive += current[mod(r-1)][mod(c-1)] != 0;
alive += current[mod(r+1)][mod(c-1)] != 0;
alive += current[mod(r-1)][mod(c+1)] != 0;
if (current[r][c])
if (alive < 2 || alive > 3)
next[r][c] = 0;
else
next[r][c] = current[r][c] + 1;
else
if (alive == 3)
next[r][c] = 1;
}
}
for (int r=0 ; r<8 r="" span="">
for (int c=0 ; c<8 c="" span="">
current[r][c] = next[r][c];
}
}
delay(100);
}

A diy pop-up interactive book made with recycled materials

A diy pop-up interactive book made with recycled materials

A DIY magnetic levitation vehicle to inspire future engineers

A DIY magnetic levitation vehicle to inspire future engineers

2013年7月22日 星期一

Build your own Custom Arduino Remote Control and Lego RC Vehicle!!

Do you like Legos?
Do you like Arduinos?
Do you like RC things that you can bring to life with the flick of a thumb?
I certainly do, so today I’ll be showing you how to make something that combines all of the above into one and go over a ton of other useful techniques and best practices as well!


     I’ll start by giving a brief description of what I made, and then I’ll follow with not just how to make it, but the reasons behind it too! By explaining all the steps involved (like the designplanning3D modelling, and even the Lego-building and laser-cutting!) and the decisions and thought process behind those steps (as well as the CAD files and code), I hope not only to share with you what you will need to make what I have, but also useful background and techniques that you can use not only in your own version of this project, but in all your other DIY projects too! Lastly, if there anything that I might have missed or that you need additional information or clarification about, or if you have any questions whatsoever, please feel free to ask me in the comments or to message me! Now lets get started!

    As you might have guessed from the title or seen in the video, the project I've been hinting towards consists of two parts: a completely custom Arduino remote control, and a servo-powered RC Lego car!

   The Lego part of the RC vehicle is a medium-sized chassis built around a Lego drivetrain with four-wheel drive and four-wheel steering. The RC part is a set of four standard hobby servospowering the drivetrain; an Arduino, for controlling everything; and an XBEE radio, for communication with the remote control. There is also an onboard power supply (it’s an RC car! Of course it has one!).

    The second part of the project is the remote control. It’s about the size of a Gameboy Advance; has a 2.2” LCD color display; is built around an Arduino microcontroller; has a joystick, two potentiometers, and four buttons for input; and has the same type of XBEE radio module the RC vehicle does. All of this is housed in a custom enclosure made entirely from laser-cut acrylic. The remote control supports USB cable operation via the serial port on the Arduino, but it can also be operated off a 9V battery which can be mounted onboard, allowing the entire remote to be operated, well, remotely. Fun stuff.

    Now that you know what you’ll be making, we can start actually making it.
Everything you'll need file-wise is available for download on my site, Kayrus.com.
Here's the link: www.kayrus.com/legos/diy_rc_zip (it should download automatically)
Included in the zip file are the latest Inventor part files (.ipt's), the combined AutoCAD drawing (.dwg), and the latest Arduino code for the car and Handuino (.ino's) and I'll let you all know if I make updates or improvements to these!

Proximity Sensing Origami Flower

Origami is the traditional Japanese art of paper folding.  In this project, with a little help from anArduino, you can bring your origami into the 21st century and make it an interactive art!

The result shown here uses Bare Conductive paint to give an origami flower proximity sensing powers.  When you put your hand close by, it triggers a small vibrating motor, and the flower wiggles around to say "hello!".

Submitted by Ace Monster Toys Hackerspace in Oakland, CA for the Instructables Sponsorship Program

2013年6月27日 星期四

拉菲羅安德烈 (Raffaello D'Andrea): 四軸飛行器驚人的運動能力

在 TEDGlobal 的機器人實驗室,拉菲羅安德烈 (Raffaello D'Andrea) 展示他的四軸飛行器:是可以像運動員一樣思考的機器人,用可以幫助它們學習的演算法,來解決物理的問題。經由一系列精采的示範,安德烈展示了無人機可以接球、平衡,以及共同做出決定--注意還有用 Kinect 來控制四軸飛行器的示範,讓人好想立刻擁有。

2013年6月17日 星期一

【公告】102年度中區委外職前訓練計畫招生中

主辦單位:行政院勞工委員會職業訓練局中區職業訓練中心
培訓單位:僑光科技大學
招訓對象: 失業民眾(報名參訓須以結訓後直接就業為目標,無就業意願或有升學計畫者請勿報名)
訓練日期:1020626 ~ 1021004(共360小時)
上課時間:週一至週五:早上09001200,下午13001600,每日共6
上課地點:僑光科技大學(台中市西屯區僑光路100號)
招訓人數:30人
課程內容:
開訓、結訓/兩性平等教育/職場倫理/就業市場趨勢分析/求職技巧/Linux引論&作業系統應用/C語言程式設計/
數位電路設計/自動控制液氣壓原理與元件介紹/機器手臂操作與應用/NXT-G程式設計/4各種機器人實例操作/
無線自動化控制與設計/專題製作
報名時間:即日起至102/6/23日截止,並於102年06月24日下午13:30辦理甄試












報名方式:
1、職訓e網線上報名 http://163.29.199.215/index.html
2、僑光科大推廣教育中心「最新公告」下載報名表
       (親送本中心報名或傳真報名04-2707314或mail至eec@ocu.edu.tw並請來電確認!!)
詳情請參見簡章說明,謝謝!

2013年6月14日 星期五

各種超讚的arduino設計

哇!

竟然有如此多的各種超讚的arduino設計

這樣的網站一定要去好好瞧瞧

前往該網站


Arduino Animatronic Eyes


After reviewing and scouring the internet like most hackers I decided what I wanted wasn't documented well. So I set out to not only do the project for myself but to also try and get some sort of documentation.




For this project you will need:

Electronics side:
1 - Arduino board
1 - Breadboard (anysize)
2 - Servo's I used Futaba S3003

Hardware side:
1 - Set of eyes (ebay, I specifically looked for realistic acrylic doll eyes that had the cornea bump in them). 
1 - Set of RC Car half shafts
8 - EZ connectors*
4 - Servo horns (All of mine came with my servos)
Connecting rod (various sizes and thicknesses)
1 - Sheet of Plexiglass/Acryilic Sheet (I used this as my base. Only because I had it on hand.)
1 - 12" length of Aluminum Angle Bracket 


Assorted Extras:
Aluminium Shims fabricated on the spot from bar aluminum
Screws
Cotter pins
Threaded Rod (or a bolt with head cut off)
Nuts
2 Part Epoxy

Tools:
Drill
Hack Saw
Propane Torch
Pliers
File
Dremel

*NOTE: The EZ connector hole sizes are determined by the thickness of your connecting rod. I was lucky enough to have an RC Hobby store down the road so I purchased what was on clearance  If you buy the wrong size you could always attempt to drill a bigger hole in the EZ connector but it may be more of a pain.

詳見

2013年6月3日 星期一

Ken Yang 筆記: Arduino bluetooth

Ken Yang 筆記: Arduino bluetooth: 先前講過arduino的基本介紹, 這篇要講如何綁上bluetooth shield到arduino上面! 首先要先介紹bluetooth shield上的pin腳, 先看到下圖,下圖中右邊有一排pin腳, 主要會用到前面4隻pin腳, 而4隻pin腳依序為: ...

用 Android 手機透過藍牙與 Arduino 溝通(二)

在上一篇已經準備好了 Android App 程式(MultiColor Lamp)﹐並且把 Bluetooth 模組的 Baud rate 也設置好了﹐接下來我們要把各項組合起來﹐這裏我使用的 bluetooth 模組是用 XBee 型式的。
在開始之前要先把 sketch 程式寫到 arduino ATmega 328 中(sketch 在所下載的 MultiColorLamp.zip 之中)﹐在寫入之前最好將arduino 板子上的東西都先移除﹐才不會出現干擾。
MultiColorLamp_pde
接下來就要開始將必要的線路全部接上
arduino_Moto_led

由上圖﹐在麵包板上插上三個 Led 燈﹐紅﹑綠﹑黃﹐並分別將三個 Led的正極接腳接到Xbee 傳感器擴展板V5的 9,10,11 腳位﹐負極則接到 GND 的位置﹐這樣就一切就緒了。
現在一切都俱備﹐只要將 Arduino 接上USB就可以了﹐在影片上可以看到當 arduino 接上USB 之後﹐過一會三個燈會全部亮起來﹐這是因為在 sketch 中 setup() 時把腳位都設為 HIGH﹐所以一開始三顆燈都亮了。而在手機的藍牙連線上後可能會全部熄滅(因為在 Android App 程式的 OnStart 中會先讀取在上一次App程式離開前所儲存的數值)﹐接著就可以用手機來控制燈號。


根據上述的程式﹐只要把 sketch 程式稍微修改﹐再搭配電機﹑馬達就可以遙控小車了。這裏把原本做避障的小車稍微修改原本的 sketch 程式就能遙控了﹐不過這是拿原本的 sketch 程式修改搭配原本的 App程式﹐操控上不是很好﹐不過現在只是先讓藍牙溝通沒問題﹐下次再找時間好好的根據所要的性能來撰寫程式了。

用 Android 手機透過藍牙與 Arduino 溝通(一)

之前曾在YouTuBe上看過影片﹐有人用android手機搖控小車﹐因此也一直在找這方面的資料﹐直到有次看到[Arduino]_用Android手機經Bluetooth遙控Arduino小車 這篇文章﹐才知道原來早就有sample可用。透過MULTI COLOR LAMP USING AMARINO, ANDROID AND ARDUINO這個範例﹐可以輕鬆的做到用Android和Arduino透過bluetooth來溝通。雖是如此我還是碰到了一些障礙﹐幸好網路上總是有高手可以幫忙。
在 MULTI COLOR LAMP USING AMARINO, ANDROID AND ARDUINO 這篇文章已經很詳細的說明了整個步驟與所需要的軟體﹐或者也可以參考 Cooper 的文章中文的比較容易了解。
上述的文章都已有做法了﹐不再累述﹐在這僅整理我所遇到的問題。
1. Android App程式 Multicolor Lamp
Multicolor Lamp App 將透過藍牙控制連接在Arduino上的三個燈號改變亮度。 Multicolor Lamp 不需要改變任何程式碼﹐唯一要改的是bluetooth 的 MAC address﹐上述的網站都有詳細的描述。編譯好程式後就可以將apk程式放到手機上執行即可。不過﹐我在這裏卡關了一陣子。這個App程式在我的桌機上以模擬器執行每次都異常終止﹐我想可能是桌機沒有藍芽設備的關係﹐每次都是在onCreate中的Amarino.connect(this, DEVICE_ADDRESS); 死掉﹐而把App放到手機上﹐還是一樣一執行就出現異常終止。
後來在Eclipse上執行直接選擇以實機做連接不透過模擬器﹐竟然成功的執行一次﹐但之後就又不行。之後我改使用一台NB﹐剛開始的情況和桌機相同﹐但以NB和手機做實機連線執行﹐倒是每次都可以。然後在不知什麼原因之下﹐在NB上用模擬器執行Multicolor Lamp也可以了。網路上沒找到有人跟我相同的狀況。
桌機和NB主要的不同﹐桌機OS是Win7 x64 ﹐NB OS是Win7 x86﹐另一個是Eclipse同樣是x64與x86的不同﹐猜測在程式中引用的AmarinoLibrary_v0_55.jar 可能在64位元之下比較不相同吧﹐這是純猜測還沒深究。
2.Baud rate的設定
我所使用的Bluetooth模組是XBee型式﹐網路上的範例都不是使用這種﹐這點又讓我卡了很久。但﹐不管用那一種﹐正確的設定baud rate都是必須的。因為原本的Bluetooth Bee v2一直搞不定﹐看到網路上另一個模組不到三百元﹐所以又買了另一張
bluetooth_rs232
不論使用那一種﹐都必須先設定好 baud rate﹐以此例而言﹐設定為57600是比較適合的﹐設定的方式可以參考 Motoduino 上修改藍芽模組Baud Rate ﹐其中腳位的接法
Bluetooth Arduino
TX-RX
RX-TX
GND-GND
VCC-3.3V
使用上述文章中的方式就可以修改baud rate 了。
而我原本使用的Bluetooth Bee V2 一張可要近千元﹐怎麼可以棄而不用呢?如果要修改根據手冊是要搭配一張XBee USB Adapter ﹐不過這又要花錢﹐ 幸好sinocgt 的文章幫了大忙 DFRduino (Arduino): changes the baud rate of Bluetooth Bee v2 on the IO Expansion Shield V5 省了一筆錢又有DIY的精神。
bluetooth_bee_set
1.拔除ATMEGA328 IC。
2.擴展板V5 上的 RS232/RS385 Jump 拔起﹐並用杜邦線跳線﹐如圖上紅色框處。
3.將Bluetooth Bee V2 的switch 撥到 AT mode 並插到擴展板上﹐如圖上綠色框處。
4.將USB 接到Arduino上。
5.在電腦上執行SSCOM3.2或AccessPort之類的軟體。(SSCOM3.2蠻多人用的﹐但在我的電腦執行後所有的文字都是亂碼﹐所以改用AccessPort)
6.在AccessPort 上加AT指令。以此張Bluetooth bee v2 所要下的指令為 AT+UART=57600,0,0
   執行了AccessPort﹐第一件事先設定使用的COM Port是那一個。
   先下AT﹐正確的話會回應 OK
   然後再下AT+UART=57600,0,0
   送出後﹐正確的話會回應 OK
    這時可以下 AT+UART﹐如果回應是 +UART:57600,0,0 那麼就代表已經修改好了。
    AccessPort

到此﹐Bluetooth 的baud rate 都已修改好﹐接下來就是將sketch的程式和 Led 燈接上就差不多了﹐下一篇再說了。

2013年5月30日 星期四

ToasterBotics: WiiChuck Library

WiiChuck轉接板能將Wii手柄的I2C埠引出,從而使Wii Nunchuck手柄方便與Arduino連接而不需任何焊接和連線,WiiChuck適配器V2.0增加了一組I2C介面,方便添加其他I2C設備。

任天堂的Wii遊戲機的Wii Nunchuck手柄集成了13軸加速度感測器,其提供的I2C介面能方便的獲取手柄上各個感測器的資料,包括2軸搖杆,2個按鈕按鈕,3軸加速度感測器等。使用Wii Nunchuck手柄和Arduino能做出非常酷的互動作品。

ToasterBotics: WiiChuck Library:      One of my favorite libraries for Arduino is the WiiChuck library. WiiChuck allows the Arduino to interface to a Wii Nunchuck. What is c...






機械人手臂


機械人手臂是目前最熱門的研究課題之一,其整合電子、資訊、電機等機電整合技術,可用以創新許多新穎之應用,例如機械人手臂外科手術、高危險場所之機械人手臂施工等應用。在教學上,機械人教學教材的設計是非常重要的,其可帶領同學學習到機械人手臂設計之理論與實務。
在目前的機械人手臂教材中,多數是使用單晶片甚至是微控制器來實做機器人,其多數是由廠商掌握關鍵技術,使得機械人手臂的實作教材難以公開化與交流,因此激發起我們想要以開放源碼(Open Source)Arduino技術架構來設計機械人手臂的教學教材之研究動機。 
詳見資料

2013年5月28日 星期二

Arduino开发文档


作者:
柴树杉[翻译整理] (chaishushan@gmail.com)
注解:
该文档根据 http://arduino.cc/ 翻译,依照 创作公用约定 发布。文档的doxygen源文件可以从 HCRobot 下载。该文档依托HCR开源机器人项目.

介绍


Arduino是源自意大利的一个开放源代码的硬件项目,该平台包括 一片具备简单I/O功效的电路板以及一套程式开发环境软体。Arduino 可以用来开发可独立运作、并具互动性的电子用品,或者也可以开发出与PC相连的週边装置,同时能在 运作时与PC上的软体进行沟通。Arduino的硬体电路板可以自行 焊接组装成,也可以购买已经组装好的,而整合开发环境的软体则可以自网路上免费下载与使用。
目前Arduino的硬体部分支援Atmel 的ATmega8与ATmega168等微控器。 此外,Arduino专案获得2006年 Prix Art Electronica在电子通讯类方面的荣誉奖。Arduino的硬体 电路参考设计部分是以创用(Creative Commons) 形式提供授权。相应的原理图和电路图都可以从Arduino网站上获得。

相关图书



  1. Getting Started with Arduino By Massimo Banzi
  2. Making Things Talk By Tom Igoe

相关链接



Arduino使用向导

安装


该部分讲述了如何安装Arduino软件工具, 以及如何连接到Arduino Diecimila开发板.


硬件型号


目前Arduino主要有以下几款型号:



其他


介绍: Arduino是什么以及可以用它做什么.
常见问题online~ : 刚接触Arduino时, 比较常见的问题.
开发环境online~ : 深入了解Arduino开发环境.




Arduino参考手册

Arduino开发语言提供全部的C语言特性和C++语言的部分特性. 通过链接到 AVR的libc库online~, 可以使用库中提供的函数. 具体的应用细节请参考相关文档.

程序结构


在Arduino中, 标准的程序入口main函数在内部被定义, 用户只需要关心以下两个函数:

setup() 函数用于初始化, loop() 函数用于执行. 初始化函数一般放在程序开头, 用于设置一些引脚的输出/输入模式, 初始化串口通讯等类似工作. loop() 函数中 的代码将被循环执行, 例如: 读入引脚状态, 设置引脚输出状态等.

控制语句




相关语法




算术运算符




比较运算符




布尔运算符




指针运算符




位运算





复合运算符





变量



常量




数据类型




数据类型转换




变量作用域&修饰符




辅助工具




基本函数



数字I/O




模拟I/O




高级I/O




时间




数学库




三角函数




随机数




位操作




设置中断函数




开关中断




串口通讯






扩展库


如果要使用一些已有的库, 可以选择菜单"Sketch->Import Library", 然后选择 相应的库. Sketch工具会自己在代码的开头包含库的头文件(#include).
在引入库之后, 程序的体积也将会增大(因为包含了库的代码). 对于不是必要的库, 直接删除对应的#include语句就可以了.

官方扩展库


以下是Arduino官方提供的扩展库, 被默认包含在开发工具中.


  • Matrix - LED显示阵列控制.
  • Sprite - LED显示阵列中子块控制.

第三方扩展库


这里只包含了Roboduino扩展板的相关库, 其他的库信息请访问: Arduino在线文档online~.
Roboduino扩展板:

如果需要设计自己的库, 请参考"arduino\hardware\libraries"目录中相关库的代码.

資料來源